The cost of installing a new air conditioning system depends on several intertwined factors. These include the system’s cooling capacity (measured in British Thermal Units or BTUs), the unit’s energy efficiency rating (often indicated by the Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio or SEER), the complexity of the installation itself (influenced by existing ductwork and electrical systems), and regional labor costs. For example, a small, basic unit in a readily accessible location might have a significantly lower price tag than a high-efficiency, variable-speed system requiring extensive ductwork modifications in a geographically remote area.
Understanding these cost drivers is crucial for homeowners. A well-informed consumer can make sound decisions balancing budget, comfort, and long-term energy savings. Historically, advancements in cooling technology have led to improved efficiency and features. This evolution impacts pricing and necessitates careful consideration of upfront costs versus potential long-term operational savings offered by newer, more efficient models. Furthermore, researching available rebates and incentives can significantly influence the overall investment.
This article delves further into the specifics of air conditioning replacement expenses, offering a detailed breakdown of factors affecting pricing, exploring available financing options, and providing guidance for homeowners navigating this significant home improvement project.
1. Unit Size (BTUs)
A central factor in determining air conditioning replacement cost is the unit’s cooling capacity, measured in British Thermal Units (BTUs). Proper BTU sizing is crucial for efficient and effective cooling. An undersized unit struggles to cool the space adequately, while an oversized unit cycles on and off too frequently, leading to increased wear and tear and higher energy bills. Understanding the relationship between BTUs and cost is essential for informed decision-making.
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Square Footage and Climate:
The primary factors influencing required BTUs are the home’s square footage and the local climate. Larger homes generally require higher BTU units. Hotter climates necessitate more powerful units to maintain comfortable temperatures. For example, a 1,500 sq ft home in a mild climate might require a smaller unit than a similarly sized home in a desert climate.
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Insulation and Window Efficiency:
A well-insulated home with energy-efficient windows can often use a smaller unit than a poorly insulated home with single-pane windows. Improved insulation and window efficiency reduce heat transfer, lessening the cooling load on the AC unit.
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Ceiling Height and Sun Exposure:
Homes with high ceilings or significant sun exposure require higher BTU units due to increased air volume and heat gain. These factors contribute to a higher cooling load, necessitating a more powerful unit.
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Cost Implications:
Higher BTU units generally cost more to purchase and install. This correlation is due to the larger components, increased refrigerant charge, and potentially more complex installation requirements. Accurately assessing BTU needs is vital for balancing cooling performance and budget.
Proper BTU sizing directly impacts both upfront and long-term costs. Investing in a professional assessment to determine the appropriate unit size ensures optimal cooling performance, energy efficiency, and cost-effectiveness over the system’s lifespan.
2. Efficiency rating (SEER)
The Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) rating significantly influences the cost of an AC replacement. SEER measures cooling output relative to energy consumed over a season. Higher SEER ratings indicate greater energy efficiency, translating to lower operating costs but often a higher initial investment. Understanding the relationship between SEER, system performance, and overall cost is essential for informed decision-making.
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Minimum SEER Requirements and Long-Term Savings:
Minimum SEER ratings are mandated by federal regulations, currently set at 14 SEER for most residential applications. While higher-SEER units typically have a higher upfront cost, they offer substantial long-term savings through reduced energy consumption. The potential savings depend on local energy rates and the unit’s usage. Calculating the payback period the time it takes for energy savings to offset the higher purchase price helps evaluate the long-term financial benefits.
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SEER Ratings and Technological Advancements:
Advancements in compressor technology, variable-speed motors, and improved refrigerant management contribute to higher SEER ratings. These technologies enhance efficiency but can also increase the complexity and cost of the unit. Weighing the benefits of advanced technology against budget constraints is crucial during the selection process.
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Balancing SEER with Climate and Budget:
While higher SEER ratings generally offer better energy efficiency, the optimal SEER rating depends on the local climate and budget. In climates with longer cooling seasons, the potential energy savings from a higher SEER unit are greater. However, the higher initial cost must be balanced against the anticipated savings. A cost-benefit analysis helps determine the most appropriate SEER rating for specific circumstances.
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Beyond SEER: Considering EER and Other Metrics:
While SEER is a valuable metric, it’s important to consider other factors, such as the Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER), which measures efficiency at a specific outdoor temperature. Evaluating multiple efficiency metrics provides a more comprehensive understanding of a unit’s performance characteristics.
Choosing the appropriate SEER rating requires careful consideration of upfront costs, long-term energy savings, climate, and budget constraints. A thorough evaluation of these factors ensures a balance between initial investment and operational efficiency, ultimately impacting the overall cost-effectiveness of the AC replacement.
3. Installation Complexity
Installation complexity significantly influences the overall cost of an AC replacement. A straightforward installation in an easily accessible location with existing compatible infrastructure will typically cost less than a complex installation requiring significant modifications or specialized equipment. Understanding the factors that contribute to installation complexity allows for more accurate budgeting and informed decision-making.
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Accessibility of the Installation Site:
The ease with which installers can access the indoor and outdoor units impacts labor costs. Units located in attics, crawl spaces, or other difficult-to-reach areas require more time and specialized equipment, increasing the installation expense. For example, a rooftop unit installation necessitates safety equipment and potentially a crane, adding to the overall cost compared to a ground-level installation.
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Existing Ductwork and Electrical Systems:
The condition and compatibility of existing ductwork and electrical systems play a crucial role in installation complexity. If the existing ductwork is inadequate, damaged, or improperly sized, it may require extensive repairs or replacement, significantly increasing costs. Similarly, upgrading the electrical panel or running new wiring to accommodate the new unit adds to the overall expense. For instance, older homes with outdated electrical systems may require upgrades to handle the increased electrical load of a modern, high-efficiency AC unit.
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Refrigerant Line Installation:
The length and complexity of the refrigerant lines connecting the indoor and outdoor units influence installation costs. Longer refrigerant lines require more materials and labor. Navigating obstacles or working in confined spaces adds complexity and time to the installation process, driving up expenses. Replacing an older system using a different refrigerant may require completely new lines, further increasing costs.
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Additional Components and Features:
Adding features like zoning systems, air purifiers, or humidifiers increases installation complexity and cost. These additions require specialized wiring, ductwork modifications, and additional labor for proper integration. For example, installing a zoning system involves dampers and controls in the ductwork, increasing the complexity and time required for installation.
Accurately assessing installation complexity is crucial for determining a realistic budget for an AC replacement. Factors such as site accessibility, existing infrastructure compatibility, and the inclusion of additional features contribute significantly to the final installation cost. A thorough evaluation of these factors during the planning phase helps avoid unexpected expenses and ensures a smooth installation process.
4. Ductwork Condition
Ductwork condition plays a critical role in determining the overall cost of an AC replacement. Existing ductwork serves as the circulatory system for conditioned air, distributing cooled air throughout the home. The condition of this system directly impacts the efficiency and effectiveness of the new AC unit and can significantly influence installation expenses. Damaged, leaky, or improperly sized ductwork compromises system performance, leading to energy waste and potentially necessitating costly repairs or replacement. Conversely, a well-maintained and properly sized duct system ensures optimal airflow, maximizing the new unit’s efficiency and minimizing long-term operating costs.
Several factors contribute to ductwork-related expenses during an AC replacement. Leaking ducts reduce airflow, forcing the new unit to work harder and consume more energy. This inefficiency translates to higher utility bills and potentially premature system failure. Insufficient insulation around ductwork further exacerbates energy loss, particularly when ducts run through unconditioned spaces like attics or crawl spaces. In some cases, existing ductwork may be improperly sized for the new AC unit. Undersized ducts restrict airflow, while oversized ducts can lead to uneven cooling and reduced efficiency. These issues necessitate modifications or complete replacement, adding substantial cost to the project. For example, a home with extensive ductwork damage requiring complete replacement could see installation costs increase significantly compared to a home with a well-maintained duct system.
Assessing ductwork condition is a crucial step in planning an AC replacement. A thorough inspection by a qualified HVAC technician identifies potential issues and allows for accurate cost estimation. This assessment informs decisions regarding ductwork repair, modification, or replacement, ultimately impacting the overall project budget. Addressing ductwork issues upfront ensures optimal system performance, maximizes energy efficiency, and minimizes long-term operating costs, contributing significantly to the overall value and cost-effectiveness of the AC replacement. Ignoring ductwork issues can lead to suboptimal performance and increased expenses down the line.
5. Refrigerant Type
Refrigerant type is a significant factor influencing AC replacement costs. Different refrigerants have varying environmental impacts, performance characteristics, and price points. Understanding these differences is crucial for making informed decisions regarding system selection and overall budget. The phase-out of older refrigerants like R-22, due to environmental concerns, has driven up the cost of servicing older systems and necessitates considering newer, environmentally friendly alternatives during replacement. For example, replacing an older R-22 system often requires a complete system changeover, including the compressor, condenser, and evaporator coil, as newer refrigerants like R-410A are not compatible with older systems. This incompatibility contributes significantly to the overall replacement cost.
Newer refrigerants, such as R-410A, R-32, and HFO-1234yf, are designed to minimize environmental impact while maintaining efficient cooling performance. However, these refrigerants often require specialized equipment and components, impacting the upfront cost of the new system. Furthermore, the cost of the refrigerant itself varies depending on its type and availability. For instance, HFO refrigerants, known for their extremely low global warming potential, are currently more expensive than other alternatives. This price difference must be considered when evaluating overall replacement costs. Choosing a system using a readily available and less expensive refrigerant might offer short-term savings, but considering long-term environmental impact and potential future regulatory changes is essential.
Selecting the appropriate refrigerant requires balancing environmental responsibility, system performance, and budget constraints. Understanding the long-term implications of refrigerant choice, including future availability and potential regulatory changes, is crucial for maximizing the return on investment in a new AC system. While the upfront cost of environmentally friendly refrigerants might be higher, the long-term benefits of reduced environmental impact and compliance with regulations often outweigh the initial investment. Consulting with a qualified HVAC professional provides valuable insights into available refrigerant options and their respective cost implications, enabling informed decisions aligned with individual needs and budgetary considerations.
6. Brand and Features
Brand reputation and included features significantly influence air conditioning replacement costs. Established brands often command higher prices due to perceived reliability, advanced technology, and comprehensive warranties. However, lesser-known brands may offer comparable performance and features at a lower price point. Evaluating the value proposition of different brands, considering factors such as warranty coverage, customer service, and technological innovation, is essential for informed decision-making. For example, a premium brand known for its variable-speed compressor technology and extensive warranty might justify a higher cost compared to a budget brand offering a standard single-speed unit with a limited warranty. Features such as variable-speed compressors, two-stage cooling, and smart thermostats integration contribute to increased efficiency and comfort but also impact the overall system cost. Carefully considering which features align with individual needs and budget constraints ensures cost-effective decision-making.
Specific features directly impact system performance and cost. Variable-speed compressors adjust cooling output based on real-time demand, leading to greater energy efficiency and more consistent temperature control. Two-stage cooling systems operate at a lower speed for most cooling needs, switching to higher speeds only when necessary, further enhancing efficiency and reducing energy consumption. Smart thermostat integration allows for remote control, programmable schedules, and advanced features such as learning algorithms and energy usage monitoring, contributing to increased convenience and potential energy savings, but also adding to the initial investment. Evaluating the long-term benefits of these features against their upfront costs helps determine the optimal balance between performance, comfort, and affordability. For instance, while a smart thermostat might offer convenience and potential long-term savings, it may not be a priority for budget-conscious consumers seeking basic cooling functionality.
Balancing brand reputation, desired features, and budget constraints requires careful consideration. While premium brands and advanced features offer potential benefits in terms of performance, efficiency, and comfort, they often come at a premium price. Thoroughly researching different brands and available features, considering long-term cost savings potential, and prioritizing individual needs allows for informed decisions aligned with both budgetary limitations and desired system performance. Ultimately, making an informed choice regarding brand and features ensures a cost-effective investment that delivers the desired level of comfort and efficiency over the lifespan of the new AC system.
7. Labor Costs
Labor costs constitute a substantial portion of total air conditioning replacement expenses. These costs encompass the work involved in removing the old unit, installing the new system, connecting refrigerant lines, ensuring proper electrical connections, and testing system performance. Several factors influence labor expenses, including the complexity of the installation, the experience level of the technicians, and regional labor rates. A complex installation requiring specialized equipment, extensive ductwork modifications, or challenging access to the installation site necessitates more labor hours, directly increasing costs. Experienced technicians, while potentially commanding higher hourly rates, often complete installations more efficiently, potentially offsetting the higher rate with reduced labor hours. Geographic location also plays a significant role, as labor rates vary considerably across different regions. For example, installations in densely populated urban areas with high labor costs typically incur higher labor expenses compared to installations in rural areas with lower labor rates. A straightforward replacement of a standard unit in an easily accessible location might involve fewer labor hours and lower overall cost than installing a high-efficiency system in a challenging location requiring significant modifications to existing infrastructure.
Understanding the factors influencing labor costs empowers consumers to make informed decisions and potentially mitigate expenses. Obtaining multiple quotes from reputable HVAC contractors allows for comparison of labor rates and ensures competitive pricing. Inquiring about the experience level of technicians and their familiarity with the specific equipment being installed provides insight into potential installation efficiency. Planning the installation during the off-season, when demand for HVAC services is typically lower, may offer potential cost savings on labor. Furthermore, ensuring clear communication with the contractor regarding the scope of work and any potential challenges upfront helps avoid unexpected cost overruns due to unforeseen complications. For instance, clearly communicating access limitations or existing ductwork issues allows contractors to accurately estimate labor hours and provide more precise cost projections.
Accurately estimating and managing labor costs is crucial for successful AC replacement projects. While focusing solely on the lowest labor rate might seem appealing, prioritizing experience, efficiency, and clear communication with the contractor often leads to a more cost-effective and satisfactory outcome. Considering the complexity of the installation, regional labor rates, and the contractor’s expertise allows for informed decision-making and ultimately contributes to a successful and budget-conscious AC replacement project. Overlooking the significance of labor costs can lead to unexpected expenses and potentially compromise the quality of the installation.
8. Permits and Inspections
Permits and inspections are essential components of an air conditioning replacement project, directly impacting the overall cost and ensuring compliance with local building codes and safety regulations. Securing necessary permits and scheduling inspections adds to the project timeline and expense but safeguards against potential hazards and ensures the system’s proper installation and operation. Overlooking these crucial steps can lead to fines, delays, and potential safety risks, ultimately increasing costs and jeopardizing the project’s success.
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Permit Acquisition Costs:
Obtaining the necessary permits involves fees that vary depending on the local jurisdiction and the project’s scope. These fees cover the administrative costs associated with processing the permit application and conducting inspections. Researching permit requirements and associated costs in advance allows for accurate budgeting and avoids unexpected expenses. For example, permit fees for complex installations involving significant modifications to existing infrastructure might be higher than those for straightforward replacements.
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Inspection Fees and Scheduling:
Inspections, typically conducted at various stages of the project, ensure compliance with building codes and safety standards. These inspections often involve fees and require scheduling coordination with local inspection authorities. Delays in scheduling inspections can prolong the project timeline and potentially incur additional expenses. For instance, delays in passing inspections might necessitate revisiting completed work, adding to labor costs and potentially delaying project completion.
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Consequences of Non-Compliance:
Failure to obtain necessary permits or pass required inspections can result in fines, project delays, and potential legal ramifications. In some cases, homeowners might be required to remove improperly installed equipment and redo the work to comply with regulations, leading to significant additional expenses. Furthermore, operating an unpermitted system can impact homeowner’s insurance coverage in case of malfunctions or accidents. For example, operating an AC system without proper permits might void warranty coverage and invalidate insurance claims in case of damage.
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Long-Term Safety and System Performance:
While permits and inspections add to the upfront cost of an AC replacement, they contribute to long-term safety and ensure the system’s proper installation and operation. Adhering to building codes and safety regulations minimizes the risk of electrical hazards, refrigerant leaks, and other potential safety issues. Properly installed systems operate more efficiently, reducing energy consumption and minimizing long-term operating costs. For instance, a correctly installed system with proper refrigerant charge operates at peak efficiency, minimizing energy waste and reducing utility bills.
Integrating permit and inspection costs into the overall project budget ensures accurate cost projections and avoids unexpected financial burdens. While these expenses represent an upfront investment, they contribute significantly to the long-term safety, efficiency, and compliance of the new AC system. Understanding the importance of permits and inspections and factoring their costs into the budget ensures a smooth and legally compliant AC replacement project, ultimately contributing to the system’s long-term value and performance. Failing to account for these essential components can lead to significant financial and legal repercussions, jeopardizing the entire project.
9. Removal of Old Unit
Removal of the existing air conditioning unit represents a significant component within the overall cost of an AC replacement project. This process involves more than simply disconnecting and hauling away the old equipment. Proper decommissioning requires specialized knowledge and adherence to environmental regulations, particularly concerning refrigerant handling. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in fines and environmental damage. Furthermore, the physical removal often involves logistical challenges, especially with rooftop units or units located in confined spaces. These factors directly influence labor costs and contribute to the final project expense. For example, removing a rooftop unit necessitates specialized equipment and safety precautions, increasing labor time and cost compared to removing a ground-level unit. Additionally, disposing of older units containing refrigerants like R-22 requires certified technicians and adherence to specific protocols, adding to the overall removal expense.
Several factors influence the cost of removing the old unit. The unit’s size and location play a crucial role. Larger units or those located in difficult-to-access areas require more time and specialized equipment for removal, increasing labor costs. The type of refrigerant within the old system also impacts removal expenses. Disposing of older refrigerants, such as R-22, requires specialized handling and recovery procedures due to their environmental impact. This specialized handling adds to the overall removal cost. Furthermore, some contractors include removal costs in their overall project quote, while others itemize it separately. Understanding this distinction allows for accurate cost comparison and informed decision-making. For instance, a quote that bundles removal costs might appear higher initially but could be more cost-effective than a quote with a lower initial price but separate, potentially higher removal charges.
Careful consideration of old unit removal costs is essential for accurate budgeting and informed decision-making during an AC replacement project. Understanding the factors influencing removal expenses, such as unit size, location, refrigerant type, and contractor pricing practices, empowers consumers to evaluate quotes effectively and avoid unexpected costs. Overlooking this crucial aspect can lead to inaccurate budget projections and potentially compromise the overall project’s financial viability. Integrating removal costs into the planning process ensures a realistic budget and facilitates a smooth and cost-effective AC replacement experience. Neglecting this aspect can result in unforeseen expenses and potentially disrupt the project timeline.
Frequently Asked Questions about AC Replacement Costs
This section addresses common inquiries regarding air conditioning replacement expenses, providing concise and informative responses to facilitate informed decision-making.
Question 1: What is the average cost of a complete AC replacement?
Providing a precise average cost is challenging due to the numerous variables influencing pricing. However, a reasonable budget range for a typical residential replacement falls between $3,000 and $10,000, depending on factors such as unit size, efficiency, brand, and installation complexity.
Question 2: How long does a typical AC unit last?
The average lifespan of a well-maintained AC unit ranges from 15 to 20 years. Factors influencing lifespan include usage patterns, maintenance frequency, and the unit’s overall quality.
Question 3: What are the signs that an AC unit needs replacing?
Indicators suggesting the need for replacement include frequent repairs, decreased cooling efficiency, rising energy bills, inconsistent temperature control, unusual noises, and refrigerant leaks.
Question 4: How can one reduce AC replacement costs?
Potential cost-saving measures include comparing quotes from multiple contractors, considering less expensive brands or features, optimizing ductwork efficiency, and exploring available rebates and incentives.
Question 5: Are there financing options available for AC replacements?
Many HVAC contractors offer financing plans, and homeowners can explore personal loans or home equity lines of credit to fund the replacement project.
Question 6: How often should one replace their air filter?
Regular air filter replacement, typically every 1-3 months, optimizes system efficiency, improves indoor air quality, and extends the lifespan of the AC unit. Specific recommendations depend on filter type and usage patterns.
Understanding these frequently asked questions provides a foundational understanding of AC replacement costs and empowers homeowners to make informed decisions throughout the process.
For further guidance and personalized recommendations, consulting a qualified HVAC professional is advisable.
Tips for Managing Air Conditioning Replacement Costs
Effectively managing expenses associated with air conditioning replacement requires careful planning and informed decision-making. The following tips provide practical guidance for navigating this significant investment.
Tip 1: Obtain Multiple Quotes: Collecting quotes from several reputable HVAC contractors allows for comparison of pricing, services, and equipment options. This comparative analysis empowers consumers to make informed decisions based on value and overall project scope.
Tip 2: Prioritize Energy Efficiency: Investing in a higher SEER-rated unit often entails a higher initial cost but yields long-term energy savings, reducing operational expenses and minimizing environmental impact. Evaluating the long-term cost-benefit of higher efficiency units is crucial.
Tip 3: Assess Existing Infrastructure: A thorough evaluation of existing ductwork and electrical systems is essential. Addressing necessary repairs or upgrades upfront mitigates potential complications and cost overruns during installation.
Tip 4: Consider Long-Term Value: While focusing on initial cost is tempting, evaluating the long-term value of different brands and features is crucial. Higher-quality equipment with robust warranties often justifies a higher upfront investment by minimizing future repair or replacement expenses.
Tip 5: Explore Rebates and Incentives: Numerous utility companies and government programs offer rebates and incentives for installing energy-efficient AC units. Researching available programs can significantly reduce overall replacement costs.
Tip 6: Schedule During the Off-Season: Planning the replacement during less busy periods for HVAC contractors may yield potential cost savings, as demand and labor rates might be lower.
Tip 7: Maintain the New System: Regular maintenance, including filter replacements and annual inspections, optimizes system performance, extends lifespan, and minimizes the risk of costly repairs. Preventive maintenance contributes significantly to long-term cost savings.
Following these tips ensures informed decisions and effective management of expenses associated with air conditioning replacement. These proactive measures contribute to a cost-effective investment that delivers long-term comfort and efficiency.
The following section concludes this comprehensive guide to air conditioning replacement costs, offering final considerations and summarizing key takeaways for homeowners undertaking this important home improvement project.
Understanding Air Conditioning Replacement Costs
Determining the expense of an AC replacement requires careful consideration of numerous interconnected factors. This exploration has detailed the key elements influencing cost, from unit size and efficiency ratings to installation complexity, ductwork condition, refrigerant type, brand considerations, labor expenses, permits and inspections, and the removal of existing equipment. Each component contributes significantly to the overall project budget, and a comprehensive understanding of these elements empowers consumers to make informed decisions. Ignoring any of these factors can lead to inaccurate cost projections and potentially jeopardize the project’s overall success. The provided information equips homeowners with the knowledge necessary to navigate the complexities of AC replacement, enabling effective budget management and informed decision-making.
Investing in a new air conditioning system represents a significant financial commitment. However, armed with a thorough understanding of the factors influencing cost, homeowners can confidently approach this essential home improvement project. Proactive planning, diligent research, and careful consideration of long-term value ensure a cost-effective investment that delivers optimal comfort, efficiency, and peace of mind for years to come. A well-informed consumer navigates the complexities of AC replacement with confidence, securing a system that meets both budgetary constraints and long-term comfort needs. The insights provided within this resource empower homeowners to make informed decisions, ultimately maximizing the value and effectiveness of their AC replacement investment.
