Nails for hardie board siding are a vital element in external house development, but continuously lost sight of. Substandard nails can result in expensive maintenance and compromised structural integrity. This research scrutinizes the intricacies of opting for the proper nails, set up ways, and not unusual pitfalls to make sure an enduring and aesthetically satisfying end result.
The choice procedure, from subject matter kind to gauge and period, at once affects the longevity and structural soundness of the siding. Opting for the fallacious nails can lead to untimely failure, requiring expensive replacements and doubtlessly inflicting water injury. Moreover, unsuitable set up ways, from hammering angles to spacing, can result in ugly blemishes and compromised waterproofing.
Varieties of Nails for Hardie Board Siding
Aesthetics and longevity are paramount in relation to external siding. Choosing the proper nails for Hardie board siding is the most important for reaching each. The right kind nail kind guarantees a safe and visually interesting set up, minimizing the danger of wear and deterioration through the years. The next dialogue delves into the crucial sides of settling on suitable nails on your Hardie board mission.Right kind nail variety is very important for a a hit and enduring Hardie board siding set up.
Elements just like the siding’s thickness, the particular Hardie board product, and the required aesthetic affect the perfect nail kind. Working out the more than a few nail sorts and their traits will information you against making an educated determination, making sure a powerful and wonderful external.
Nail Subject material Composition
Selecting the best nail subject matter is important for longevity and function. Other fabrics be offering various ranges of corrosion resistance and energy. Galvanized metal nails are a well-liked selection because of their zinc coating, which supplies a barrier towards rust and extends their lifespan. Stainless-steel nails, whilst dearer, be offering awesome corrosion resistance, making them ideally suited for high-humidity or coastal environments.
Aluminum nails are another choice, however their use may well be restricted by means of their moderately decrease energy in comparison to metal.
Nail Head Types and Packages
The top taste of a nail performs a vital position in each the classy enchantment and the set up procedure. Spherical-head nails are a flexible choice, appropriate for many packages. Pan-head nails supply a extra flush end, minimizing the visual nail head. Oval-head nails be offering a novel visible enchantment, however their utility may well be extra specialised. Opting for the best head taste guarantees a unbroken and aesthetically satisfying end.
Nail Variety In response to Siding Thickness and Product
The thickness of the Hardie board siding considerably affects the nail variety. Thicker siding calls for nails with better energy and penetration features. The precise Hardie board product (e.g., HardiePlank, HardiePanel) additionally influences the optimum nail kind. Consulting the producer’s suggestions or a pro installer’s recommendation can assist decide essentially the most appropriate nail kind on your explicit mission.
Comparability of Nail Varieties
Nail Kind | Subject material | Energy | Sturdiness | Corrosion Resistance |
---|---|---|---|---|
Galvanized Metal | Galvanized Metal | Just right | Just right | Very good |
Stainless Metal | Stainless Metal | Very good | Very good | Very good |
Aluminum | Aluminum | Reasonable | Just right | Very good |
This desk supplies a comparative evaluate of various nail sorts, highlighting their relative strengths, sturdiness, and resistance to corrosion. It’s good to imagine those components when making your variety. The desk is meant to offer a elementary guiding principle. Seek the advice of producer specs for the suitable suggestions linked for your explicit mission.
Nail Gauge and Period Variety: Nails For Hardie Board Siding
Choosing the proper nail gauge and period on your Hardie board siding is the most important for a powerful, lasting, and aesthetically satisfying set up. Right kind variety guarantees the nails penetrate the siding successfully with out harmful the fabric or compromising the structural integrity. This meticulous procedure safeguards your funding and complements the longevity of your own home’s external.Working out the connection between nail gauge (like 8d, 10d) and period, at the side of the standards influencing optimum nail period, is vital to a a hit set up.
Believe the siding thickness, groove intensity, and desired aesthetic when making your variety. A well-informed method promises a flawless end and a sturdy external for years yet to come.
Nail Gauge and Period Dating
Nail gauge, continuously represented by means of designations like 8d, 10d, or 16d, signifies the nail’s dimension and the corresponding weight. A better gauge quantity signifies a thicker nail. Period variety at once correlates with the thickness of the Hardie board siding. Thicker siding calls for longer nails to make sure enough penetration and structural integrity. An actual stability between nail gauge and period is very important for a powerful and safe set up.
Elements Influencing Optimum Nail Period
A number of components affect the perfect nail period for Hardie board siding. The intensity of the siding’s grooves performs a vital position. If the grooves are deep, an extended nail is important to reach right kind penetration and safe the siding. Moreover, the required aesthetic result influences the choice. Shorter nails continuously create a cleaner glance, whilst longer nails, even though extra safe, may well be much less visually interesting.
Believe those components moderately for a visually satisfying and structurally sound set up.
Examples of Commonplace Nail Lengths
For five/8-inch thick Hardie board siding, 1 1/2-inch to 2-inch nails are steadily used. In instances of seven/16-inch thick siding, 1-inch to one 1/4-inch nails are appropriate. Those examples be offering a place to begin, however all the time check the producer’s suggestions on your explicit Hardie board siding thickness. Changes may well be important in line with the particular siding kind and set up prerequisites.
Advisable Nail Gauge and Period for Explicit Hardie Board Thicknesses
Hardie Board Thickness (inches) | Advisable Nail Gauge | Advisable Nail Period (inches) |
---|---|---|
5/8 | 8d or 10d | 1 1/2 – 2 |
7/16 | 8d | 1 – 1 1/4 |
1/2 | 8d | 1 – 1 1/2 |
3/4 | 10d | 1 3/4 – 2 1/2 |
This desk supplies a normal guiding principle for nail variety. At all times seek the advice of the producer’s specs on your specific Hardie board siding and set up prerequisites. The usage of the really helpful nail gauge and period guarantees a powerful, sturdy, and aesthetically satisfying set up.
Set up Strategies and Procedures
My pricey scholars, mastering the artwork of putting in Hardie board siding calls for extra than simply the best nails. It calls for precision, care, and a deep working out of the fabric. Let’s delve into the correct set up strategies, making sure a flawless and long-lasting end.A meticulous method to set up promises an attractive, sturdy external for your own home. Right kind nail placement, perspective, and methodology are the most important for each aesthetics and structural integrity.
Ignoring those main points can result in ugly gaps, weakened siding, and untimely injury. Let’s now discover the nuances of this the most important degree.
Proper Process for Riding Nails
Riding nails into Hardie board siding calls for a particular perspective and hammering methodology. The right kind perspective prevents splitting and guarantees a safe hang. Goal for a 75-degree perspective to the siding floor. This attitude is the most important to take care of the integrity of the Hardie board. Start with a mild faucet to set the nail.
Then, use company, constant moves to completely power the nail into the board. Overdriving can result in injury. Care for a managed hammering movement to keep away from splitting the siding or bending the nail.
Nail Spacing and Overdriving Prevention
Right kind nail spacing is very important for fighting tension issues and making sure even distribution of drive. Practice the producer’s suggestions for spacing, generally starting from 6 to eight inches aside. Those pointers assist save you asymmetric tension and make sure longevity. Keep away from overdriving nails, as this may injury the siding and compromise its integrity. In the event you realize the nail head is already beginning to distort, go into reverse and reset the nail.
Nail Gun vs. Hammer
Opting for between a nail gun and a hammer relies on your mission scale and private desire. Nail weapons be offering pace and potency for large-scale installations. They be certain constant penetration and spacing. Alternatively, a hammer supplies better regulate, particularly for smaller tasks or when precision is paramount. As an example, a nail gun is superb for putting in trims or extensive sections of siding, whilst a hammer may well be preferable when running round intricate main points or corners.
Step-by-Step Set up Information with Protection Precautions
This step by step information will remove darkness from the set up procedure, incorporating protection precautions to keep away from harm.
- Preparation: Be certain the Hardie board siding is correctly supported and aligned. Use a degree to make sure the siding is immediately. Check up on the realm for any obstructions or hindrances. Protection glasses and paintings gloves are crucial.
- Nail Variety: Make a choice the best nail dimension and period, bearing in mind the siding thickness and fastening means.
- Positioning: In moderation place the fastener (nail) on the desired location at the Hardie board siding, making sure the proper perspective.
- Riding: Pressure the nail at a 75-degree perspective to the siding the use of managed, company moves. Keep away from over the top drive.
- Inspection: Check up on the nail’s placement. Be certain it is absolutely pushed and securely in position with out injury to the siding.
- Completing: If important, countersink the nail head to create a easy end. Keep away from the use of over the top drive. Test for nail heads that don’t seem to be flush with the siding and reset them.
- Cleansing: Blank up any particles or extra subject matter from the set up space.
Keeping off Commonplace Errors
My pricey house owners, let’s delve into the artwork of nailing Hardie board siding with finesse, making sure an attractive and enduring facade. Keeping off not unusual pitfalls is vital to reaching a flawless set up, holding the integrity of your own home’s external, and saving you from expensive maintenance down the street. Working out those attainable mistakes and their treatments will empower you to put in your siding with self assurance.Right kind nailing methodology is paramount to reaching an enduring and wonderful end result.
Neglecting those nuances can result in ugly injury, compromised structural integrity, or even water infiltration, which may end up in expensive maintenance and attainable structural injury. Let’s navigate those attainable snags in combination, making sure your Hardie board siding stands the take a look at of time.
Figuring out and Fighting Mistaken Nail Placement
Actual placement of nails is the most important for a powerful and aesthetically satisfying end. Flawed placement can result in ugly nail heads and attainable injury to the siding. Working out the siding’s development and the correct placement of nails is vital. Ceaselessly, house owners mistakenly position nails too as regards to the perimeters or corners of the panels, resulting in weakening of the siding’s integrity and, within the worst case, breakage.
Moreover, riding nails too deep may cause the siding to crack, whilst riding them too shallow can go away them liable to pulling out, requiring expensive maintenance.
Working out the Penalties of Overdriving Nails
Overdriving nails, a not unusual mistake, may cause quite a few issues. This continuously leads to the nail head sticking out from the siding, which may also be ugly. Moreover, overdriving can injury the siding’s floor, doubtlessly inflicting cracks or splintering. Those imperfections can invite water penetration, resulting in the advance of mould, mould, or rot, thus compromising the structural integrity of your siding.
Settling on the Proper Gear and Ways
Using the proper gear and strategies guarantees precision and potency to your set up. The usage of the best nail gun for the activity, with the proper settings, is important. Using a nail gun with adjustable settings lets in for optimum penetration, decreasing the danger of wear. This additionally minimizes the danger of overdriving nails. Moreover, the use of a nail set is very important for making sure that the nail heads are flush with the siding floor.
A nail set, correctly used, minimizes injury and maximizes the classy enchantment of the completed product.
Repairing Nail-Comparable Damages
Addressing nail-related damages promptly is very important for holding the integrity of your Hardie board siding. If a nail head is sticking out, gently use a nail set to power it flush with the outside. If the siding is broken, use a wooden filler to fix the realm, making sure it’s the similar colour because the siding. At all times practice the producer’s suggestions for the particular form of Hardie board siding you’ve got.
For extra important injury, seek the advice of a certified siding legit for knowledgeable restore and recovery.
Nail Penetration Intensity Issues
A the most important side is the intensity to which nails must be pushed. Riding nails too deeply may cause the siding to crack, whilst riding them too shallowly leaves them liable to pulling out, requiring expensive maintenance. The right kind intensity must be decided by means of the siding subject matter and the nailing means used. Seek the advice of the producer’s pointers for explicit directions, which is dependent upon the kind of Hardie board siding and the particular nail kind getting used.
Nail Gun vs. Hammer

My esteemed colleagues, let’s delve into the the most important selection between a nail gun and a hammer for putting in nails into Hardie board siding. Choosing the proper software can considerably have an effect on the potency and high quality of your paintings, making sure a long lasting and aesthetically satisfying end.Using the proper software no longer most effective saves time but in addition mitigates attainable injury to the siding and guarantees a professional-looking set up.
This phase will discover the nuances of each strategies, inspecting their respective benefits and drawbacks, and in the end guiding you towards essentially the most suitable methodology on your explicit wishes.
Benefits and Disadvantages of The usage of a Nail Gun
Working out the professionals and cons of a nail gun as opposed to a hammer is paramount to creating an educated determination. A nail gun gives important benefits in relation to pace and potency. Alternatively, it does include its personal set of issues.
- Velocity and Potency: Nail weapons dramatically build up set up pace in comparison to a hammer, particularly for better tasks. It is a really extensive time-saver, specifically when running with a big expanse of Hardie board siding. For example, putting in 100 nails may take just a fraction of the time in comparison to hammering every one personally.
- Diminished Hard work: The repetitive nature of hammering can result in fatigue and attainable discomfort for the installer. Nail weapons mitigate this, making the paintings much less bodily difficult, which is the most important for keeping up high quality over prolonged sessions.
- Accuracy and Consistency: Nail weapons ship extra constant nail placement, resulting in a extra uniform and aesthetically satisfying ultimate product. This precision is helping keep away from the problems that may get up from inconsistent hammer moves.
- Doable for Harm: Nail weapons, if no longer used as it should be, can doubtlessly injury the Hardie board siding. Flawed methodology or the use of the fallacious nail dimension can result in denting or cracking.
- Value of Apparatus: The preliminary funding in a nail gun may also be upper than a hammer. Alternatively, the long-term cost-benefit ratio for better tasks continuously favors the nail gun.
Varieties of Nail Weapons for Hardie Board
Selecting the best nail gun for Hardie board siding is the most important for optimum efficiency. Other nail weapons cater to precise nail sizes and kinds.
- Pneumatic Nail Weapons: Those weapons make the most of compressed air to power the nails. They’re a well-liked selection for his or her pace and potency. They’re well-suited for large-scale Hardie board installations. Using pneumatic nail weapons is perfect for tasks requiring constant and fast installations.
- Electrical Nail Weapons: Electrical nail weapons are a extra handy choice for smaller tasks or when compressed air is unavailable. Their cordless design gives better maneuverability. Those weapons supply a just right stability of pace and maneuverability for medium-sized installations.
- Forte Nail Weapons: Some nail weapons are particularly designed for positive varieties of siding fabrics, together with Hardie board. Making sure compatibility is important for a a hit and long-lasting set up.
Protection Protocols with Nail Weapons
Protection is paramount when the use of any energy software. Adhering to protection protocols with a nail gun is the most important for fighting accidents.
- Eye Coverage: At all times put on protection glasses or goggles to offer protection to your eyes from flying particles.
- Listening to Coverage: Use earplugs or earmuffs to offer protection to your listening to from the noise generated by means of the nail gun.
- Suitable Clothes: Put on suitable clothes, together with robust footwear and lengthy sleeves, to forestall unintentional touch with the nail gun.
- Right kind Nail Gun Upkeep: Common repairs is the most important to forestall malfunctions and make sure the security of the software. Be certain the nail gun is functioning optimally to attenuate the danger of injuries.
Proper Use of a Hammer and Nail Gun
Proper methodology is very important for each gear. Right kind methodology minimizes injury and maximizes potency.
- Hammer Method: Be certain a company grip at the hammer and goal for a constant hanging movement. Use a right kind stance to keep away from pressure. A constant grip, a gentle stance, and a managed swing are key to warding off harm and maximizing accuracy.
- Nail Gun Method: At all times test the nail gun’s mag for right kind nail insertion. Hang the nail gun firmly and place it as it should be towards the siding. Practice the producer’s directions meticulously for optimum efficiency.
Comparability of Potency and Protection
This desk summarizes the important thing sides of the use of a nail gun as opposed to a hammer for Hardie board siding set up.
Function | Nail Gun | Hammer |
---|---|---|
Potency | Prime | Low |
Protection | Medium (with right kind protocols) | Prime (with right kind methodology) |
Accuracy | Prime | Medium |
Velocity | Prime | Low |
Sturdiness | Medium (depending on utilization) | Prime |
Opting for the Proper Gear and Equipment
My esteemed scholars, settling on the correct gear and equipment is paramount to a a hit and secure Hardie board siding set up. A well-equipped toolkit, matched with the best methodology, can become a difficult mission into a lovely fulfillment. Let’s delve into the the most important gear and equipment wanted for this endeavor.Settling on the proper gear guarantees precision and potency, fighting expensive errors and accidents.
Moreover, right kind software repairs promises longevity and top efficiency, in the end saving you money and time in the end.
Crucial Gear for Pros and DIY Lovers
A complete toolkit is very important for each execs and DIY lovers. A moderately selected set of gear will lift the standard of your paintings, minimizing mistakes and maximizing potency. The proper gear will make the variation between a easy set up and a irritating one.
- Nail Gun: A pneumatic or cordless nail gun considerably accelerates the set up procedure, specifically for better tasks. The precision and drive of a nail gun permit for constant, top of the range installations. A well-maintained nail gun, operated as it should be, is an impressive asset in any siding mission.
- Hammer: Whilst nail weapons excel for pace, a just right high quality claw hammer stays an indispensable software. It is ideally suited for smaller jobs, for riding nails in tight areas, or for completing touches. A well-chosen hammer, balanced and sturdy, lets in for exact paintings and stops harm.
- Measuring Gear: Correct measurements are the most important. A tape measure, stage, and framing sq. are indispensable. Actual measurements be sure that your siding is put in as it should be, warding off expensive maintenance or replacements later.
- Protection Tools: Eye coverage, paintings gloves, and listening to coverage are non-negotiable. Those protection precautions safeguard your well being and well-being during the mission. Making an investment in right kind protection equipment is an funding to your protection and long-term well being.
- Pry Bar: A pry bar aids in disposing of previous siding or adjusting the brand new siding. A sturdy pry bar, correctly used, minimizes the danger of wear and maximizes potency.
Nail Gun vs. Hammer
The selection between a nail gun and a hammer relies on the size of the mission and the person’s convenience stage. Nail weapons be offering pace and potency for better jobs, whilst hammers supply precision and regulate for smaller tasks. In the long run, your best choice relies on the person and the particular cases of the activity.
Device | Options | Value Vary |
---|---|---|
Pneumatic Nail Gun | Prime pace, constant nail placement, appropriate for giant jobs | $150-$500 |
Cordless Nail Gun | Flexible, moveable, much less noise than pneumatic | $200-$800 |
Claw Hammer | Precision, regulate, appropriate for smaller jobs | $15-$50 |
Device Upkeep and Protection
Right kind repairs of energy gear is essential for his or her longevity and optimum efficiency. Common cleansing, lubrication, and inspection are the most important steps to keep away from malfunctions and injuries. Adherence to protection pointers, specifically when working energy gear, is very important to forestall accidents. At all times prioritize protection to keep away from unexpected issues and make sure a a hit mission.
“Common repairs, coupled with protection precautions, extends the lifespan of your gear and protects your well-being.”
Aesthetic Issues
My pricey aspiring siding artisans, let’s delve into the guts of aesthetics, the place each nail placement speaks volumes about your craftsmanship. A flawlessly put in Hardie board facade is not just purposeful; it is a testomony for your artistry. The meticulous consideration to element in nail variety and location at once affects the full visible enchantment of your mission.A well-executed set up continuously is going overlooked, however a poorly finished one screams for consideration, similar to a out of place be aware in an attractive symphony.
We will have to include the artwork of the invisible, the place the nails themselves transform a part of the pretty backdrop, slightly than an unwelcome intrusion. Right kind nail variety and location elevates your mission from simply purposeful to in point of fact stunning.
Affect of Nail Placement on Aesthetics
Nail placement considerably influences the full aesthetic enchantment of Hardie board siding. Strategically positioning nails minimizes their visible have an effect on, permitting the wonderful thing about the siding to polish thru. Mistaken placement can create a jarring and unprofessional look, detracting from the meant visible impact.
Significance of Nail Colour/Matching
Selecting the best nail colour is the most important for a unbroken aesthetic. Matching the nail heads to the siding colour or the use of a just about invisible, impartial tone is paramount. The usage of nails that starkly distinction the siding creates an unprofessional and distracting look. A delicate colour fit guarantees the nails mix seamlessly into the siding, changing into virtually invisible to the discerning eye.
This consideration to element elevates the classy high quality of your paintings.
Strategies for Concealing Nail Heads
A number of strategies exist for concealing nail heads and reaching a blank glance. One means comes to the use of a specialised siding nail with a recessed head, or a countersinking software, which is used to sink the nail head underneath the siding floor. This successfully camouflages the nail, leading to a easy and subtle end. Another choice is the use of a specialised putty or caulk to fill the nail holes.
This system no longer most effective conceals the nail heads but in addition supplies a protecting layer, fighting moisture injury.
Attaining a Blank Glance with Examples
More than a few aesthetic results are achievable thru right kind nail variety and location. A vintage instance comes to the use of a stainless-steel or galvanized nail, which might be much less susceptible to rusting, thus making sure the classy stays constant through the years. In a modern design, a delicate, near-invisible colour fit between the nail head and the siding, at the side of cautious countersinking, creates a blank and minimalist glance.
The usage of an identical colour of siding putty to fill the nail holes achieves a flawless end. A chic answer comes to the use of ornamental, coloured nails for an accessory impact.
Troubleshooting Problems
My pricey buddy, nailing Hardie board siding is a craft that calls for precision and care. Even essentially the most meticulous installer can come across unexpected problems. Working out attainable issues and their answers is the most important for reaching a flawless and lasting set up. Let’s delve into the world of troubleshooting, equipping you with the information to deal with any demanding situations that can get up.Troubleshooting isn’t about residing on errors, however about studying from them.
Choosing the proper nails for Hardie board siding is the most important for a long lasting external. Understanding the particular form of nail wanted can prevent complications down the street. For the ones in quest of data on contemporary loss, you’ll to find treasured assets on the Betts and West Funeral Home obituaries. In the long run, right kind nail variety is vital for a sturdy and wonderful Hardie board facade.
By way of spotting attainable pitfalls and enforcing efficient answers, you’ll become a reputedly insurmountable downside right into a studying alternative. This may allow you to lift your talents and bring a awesome set up that can stand the take a look at of time.
Figuring out Doable Issues
Correctly figuring out attainable issues is step one against resolving them. A prepared eye for element is very important right through and after the set up procedure. Commonplace problems come with splitting or cracking of the siding, unevenness, or gaps. Those problems can stem from unsuitable nailing ways, the use of irrelevant nails, or problems with the siding subject matter itself.
Answers to Commonplace Problems
Addressing those issues calls for a methodical method. A just right craftsman will all the time have a plan for various eventualities. As an example, if the siding splits, moderately assess the wear. If the break up is minor, you could possibly restore it with a specialised filler or sealant. Alternatively, for important injury, substitute is continuously important.
Significance of Publish-Set up Inspection, Nails for hardie board siding
An intensive inspection after set up is the most important. This step permits you to determine any minor problems ahead of they escalate into primary issues. Test for any indicators of unevenness, gaps, or free nails. A cautious inspection will prevent from expensive maintenance down the road.
Preventative Measures
Proactive measures can continuously save you issues. The usage of the proper nail kind and gauge for the siding subject matter is very important. Making sure the correct nailing trend and intensity is important. Pre-drilling holes too can considerably cut back the danger of splitting. Completely checking the Hardie board siding for any defects ahead of set up could also be really helpful.
Repairing and Changing Broken Siding
If, regardless of your absolute best efforts, injury happens, you’ve got a couple of choices. For minor injury, corresponding to a small crack or break up, you’ll use a specialised siding restore equipment. Those kits generally include a bonding agent and an identical Hardie board patch. For better injury, changing the broken phase is continuously the most efficient plan of action. You need to use the similar kind and grade of Hardie board for substitute to take care of the classy integrity of the set up.
At all times confer with the producer’s pointers for the most efficient method to restore or substitute.
Final Conclusion

In conclusion, settling on and putting in the best nails for hardie board siding calls for cautious attention. This complete information highlights the significance of meticulous making plans, proper methodology, and using suitable gear. By way of working out the nuances of nail sorts, set up procedures, and attainable pitfalls, house owners and contractors can be certain a sturdy, aesthetically satisfying, and water resistant external. In the long run, prioritizing high quality fabrics and exact set up strategies is paramount to long-term worth and structural integrity.
Crucial FAQs
What are the commonest nail sorts appropriate for Hardie board siding?
Galvanized metal nails are a well-liked selection because of their cost-effectiveness. Stainless-steel nails be offering awesome corrosion resistance, making them appropriate for high-humidity or coastal spaces. The top taste (spherical, pan, oval) relies on the required aesthetic and the particular siding design.
How do I decide the proper nail gauge and period?
The gauge (e.g., 8d, 10d) and period rely at the thickness of the Hardie board siding. Thicker siding calls for heavier-gauge nails with longer lengths to make sure good enough penetration and safe fastening. Believe the intensity of the siding grooves when settling on the optimum nail period.
What are the prospective penalties of the use of an mistaken nail kind?
The usage of irrelevant nails can result in untimely failure, together with pulling out or bending of the nails, cracking of the siding, and attainable water intrusion. This can lead to important expensive maintenance and injury to the full construction.